Common canine and feline diseases of the endocrine, renal, GI and cardiac systems: presentation, diagnostics and treatment.
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- What is the most common underlying cause of primary hypothyroidism in dogs?
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Lymphocytic thyroiditis (immune-mediated destruction of the thyroid gland)- What is the classic dermatologic sign of canine hypothyroidism?
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Bilaterally symmetric truncal alopecia without pruritus- What is the lifelong treatment for canine hypothyroidism?
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Oral levothyroxine supplementation- What is the most common cause of feline hyperthyroidism?
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A benign thyroid adenoma (adenomatous hyperplasia)- What is the classic presentation of a hyperthyroid cat?
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Weight loss despite a ravenous appetite, plus tachycardia- What is a definitive non-drug treatment for feline hyperthyroidism?
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Radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy- What are the classic clinical signs of canine hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's disease)?
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Polyuria/polydipsia, polyphagia, a pot-bellied abdomen, and symmetric truncal alopecia- What is the most common form of canine hyperadrenocorticism?
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Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, about 85 percent of cases- What is the classic electrolyte abnormality in canine hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease)?
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Hyperkalemia with hyponatremia (a low sodium to potassium ratio)- What is the classic triad of clinical signs in diabetes mellitus?
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Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia with weight loss- What are the classic clinical signs of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs and cats?
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Polyuria/polydipsia, weight loss, and a poor hair coat- What is isosthenuria?
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A urine specific gravity fixed around 1.008 to 1.012 regardless of the patient's hydration status- What are the three categories of azotemia?
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Prerenal, renal, and postrenal- What staging system classifies chronic kidney disease severity in dogs and cats?
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IRIS staging, based on serum creatinine and SDMA- What is the dietary mainstay of treatment for chronic kidney disease?
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A phosphorus-restricted renal diet
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