Low-flow and high-flow oxygen delivery equipment, FiO2 ranges, and humidification and aerosol therapy devices.
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- Nasal cannula is classified as a
- Low-flow oxygen delivery device
- Typical FiO2 range delivered by a nasal cannula
- Approximately 24 to 44 percent, depending on flow rate
- Maximum recommended flow rate for a standard nasal cannula
- 6 liters per minute
- A simple face mask is classified as a
- Low-flow oxygen delivery device
- Minimum flow rate required for a simple face mask
- At least 5 liters per minute, to flush exhaled CO2 from the mask
- Typical FiO2 range delivered by a simple face mask
- Approximately 40 to 60 percent
- A partial rebreathing mask includes
- A reservoir bag that partially fills with exhaled and fresh gas, without one-way valves
- A non-rebreathing mask includes
- A reservoir bag with one-way valves that prevent exhaled air from re-entering the bag
- Maximum FiO2 achievable with a non-rebreathing mask
- Approximately 80 to 95 percent
- A key safety check for a non-rebreathing mask in use
- The reservoir bag should not fully collapse during inspiration
- A Venturi (air-entrainment) mask is classified as a
- High-flow, fixed-performance oxygen delivery device
- The main advantage of a Venturi mask
- It delivers a precise, consistent FiO2 regardless of the patient's breathing pattern
- Venturi masks are especially useful for patients with
- COPD who need a precisely controlled low FiO2 to avoid suppressing hypoxic respiratory drive
- High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) can deliver flow rates up to approximately
- 60 liters per minute
- A key benefit of high-flow nasal cannula besides high FiO2
- Heated, humidified gas and a small amount of positive airway pressure with improved comfort
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