Standard patient positioning terminology and projection names for common radiographic procedures.
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- What does AP projection stand for?
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Anteroposterior - beam enters through the anterior surface and exits through the posterior surface- Define PA projection in radiography
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Posteroanterior - beam enters through the posterior surface and exits through the anterior surface- What is a lateral projection?
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Projection where the beam passes through the body from one side to the other, showing the medial and lateral aspects- Define oblique projection
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Projection where the body or body part is rotated so the beam does not pass perpendicular or parallel to the body- What is anatomical position?
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Erect body stance with arms at sides, palms facing forward, feet together, and head facing forward- Define supine position
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Patient lying on their back with face upward- What is prone position?
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Patient lying face down with the anterior surface against the table- Define Trendelenburg position
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Patient supine with the head lower than the feet, typically at a 45 degree angle- What is Fowler's position?
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Patient semi-recumbent with the head of the table elevated at approximately 45 degrees- Define Sims position
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Patient on their left side with the left arm behind the back, right arm flexed forward, right knee flexed, and left knee slightly flexed- What position is used for a standard chest X-ray?
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PA (posteroanterior) projection with patient standing erect, hands on hips with palms out- Name the common position for a lateral chest X-ray
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Lateral projection with patient standing erect, arm elevated, and side closest to film against the chest board- What is the standard position for a portable chest X-ray?
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AP (anteroposterior) projection with patient supine or semi-upright in bed- Define cephalocaudal angulation
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Angling the X-ray beam toward the head (cephalad) or toward the feet (caudad)- What is mediolateral angulation?
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Angling the X-ray beam from the medial side toward the lateral side or vice versa
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