Importing modules, organizing packages, and using pip to manage third party libraries, each explained with a short example.
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- What is a module in Python?
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A file containing Python code that can be imported and reused. File name becomes the module name.- How do you import a module named math?
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import math- How do you call a function from the math module?
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math.function_name(). Example: math.sqrt(16)- How do you import a specific function from a module?
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from module_name import function_name. Example: from math import sqrt- How do you import with an alias?
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import module_name as alias. Example: import numpy as np- What does 'from x import *' do?
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Imports all public names from module x into the current namespace.- How do you see all attributes in a module?
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Use dir(module_name). Example: dir(math)- What is a package in Python?
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A directory containing Python modules and an __init__.py file. Allows nested organization of modules.- What is the purpose of __init__.py?
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Makes Python treat a directory as a package. Can be empty or contain package initialization code.- How do you import a module from a subpackage?
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from package.subpackage import module. Example: from os.path import join- What is the __name__ variable?
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Set to '__main__' when script runs directly, otherwise set to module name when imported.- What does 'if __name__ == "__main__":' do?
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Lets you write code that only runs when script executes directly, not when imported as a module.- What is a relative import in a package?
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Import using dot notation for sibling or parent modules. Example: from . import sibling or from .. import parent_module- What is pip?
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Package installer for Python. Command-line tool for installing and managing third-party packages.- How do you install a package with pip?
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pip install package_name. Example: pip install requests
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