Therapeutic exercise types, progression principles, and precautions carried out under a physical therapist's plan of care tested on the NPTAE.
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- What is passive range of motion (PROM)?
- Joint movement produced entirely by an external force, without any muscle contraction from the patient.
- What is active range of motion (AROM)?
- Joint movement produced entirely by the patient's own muscle contraction.
- What is active-assistive range of motion (AAROM)?
- Joint movement in which the patient's own muscle contraction is assisted by an outside force to complete the range.
- What clinical purpose does continuous passive motion (CPM) serve after surgery?
- It moves the joint through a controlled range to help prevent adhesions and maintain joint range of motion.
- What is an isometric contraction?
- A muscle contraction that generates force without any change in muscle length or joint movement.
- What is an isotonic contraction?
- A muscle contraction that generates force while moving through a range of motion against a constant external load.
- What is a concentric contraction?
- A muscle contraction in which the muscle shortens while producing force.
- What is an eccentric contraction?
- A muscle contraction in which the muscle lengthens while producing force.
- What is isokinetic exercise?
- Exercise performed at a constant angular velocity, with resistance that varies to match the force the patient applies, typically using a specialized dynamometer.
- What does the overload principle of exercise state?
- A muscle or system must be worked at an intensity greater than what it is normally accustomed to in order to produce a training adaptation.
- What does the SAID principle (Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demand) state?
- The body adapts specifically to the type of stress or demand placed on it during training.
- What is the principle of reversibility in exercise training?
- Training adaptations are gradually lost once a person stops performing the exercise, also called detraining.
- How does the DeLorme technique of progressive resistance exercise progress across three sets of ten reps?
- 50% of the 10 repetition maximum (10RM), then 75% of the 10RM, then 100% of the 10RM.
- How does the Oxford technique of progressive resistance exercise differ from the DeLorme technique?
- It reverses the order, starting at 100% of the 10RM and decreasing to 75% then 50% across the three sets.
- What numeric range does the classic Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale use?
- 6 to 20.