Multicultural counseling competencies and social and cultural diversity concepts tested on the National Counselor Examination.
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- What are the three domains of multicultural counseling competence identified by Sue, Arredondo, and McDavis (1992)?
- Awareness, knowledge, and skills
- What is cultural pluralism?
- A model in which diverse cultural groups coexist and are respected within a shared society, without being forced to assimilate
- In counseling, what does a client's 'worldview' refer to?
- The way a person perceives their relationship to the world, shaped by cultural background, values, and experiences
- What is the emic perspective in cross-cultural study?
- Understanding a culture from within, using concepts and categories meaningful to that culture's own members
- What is the etic perspective in cross-cultural study?
- Studying culture from an outside, universal standpoint that allows comparison across cultures
- Who coined the term 'cultural encapsulation'?
- Gilbert Wrenn
- What is cultural encapsulation in counseling?
- A counselor's tendency to define reality according to one set of cultural assumptions and treat their own values as universally true
- Who developed the RESPECTFUL counseling model?
- Michael D'Andrea and Judy Daniels
- In the RESPECTFUL model, what does the 'R' stand for?
- Religious/spiritual identity
- Who developed the ADDRESSING framework for cultural factors in counseling?
- Pamela Hays
- What is acculturation?
- The process of adapting to and adopting the values, behaviors, and customs of a new or dominant culture
- What is enculturation?
- The process of learning and internalizing the values and norms of one's own original culture
- According to Berry's model, what are the four strategies of acculturation?
- Assimilation, separation, integration, and marginalization
- In Berry's acculturation model, what is assimilation?
- Rejecting one's original culture and fully adopting the dominant culture
- In Berry's acculturation model, what is separation?
- Rejecting the dominant culture while retaining one's original culture