Core metaphysical questions of free will, determinism, personal identity, and the nature of existence.
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- What is determinism?
- The view that every event is caused by prior events in accordance with natural laws.
- What is indeterminism?
- The view that not every event is causally determined by prior events and laws.
- Define free will.
- The capacity to make choices that are not wholly determined by prior causes.
- What is compatibilism?
- The view that free will and moral responsibility are compatible with determinism.
- What is metaphysical libertarianism?
- The view that free will requires indeterminism and that humans possess such free will.
- What is hard determinism?
- The view that determinism is true and free will is impossible, so no one is morally responsible.
- What is agent causation?
- A type of causation where an agent or person directly causes an action, not just a chain of events.
- What is event causation?
- A type of causation where one event causes another event, the standard model in physics.
- What is the central problem of free will?
- Whether free will is compatible with determinism or requires indeterminism.
- What is causal determinism?
- The thesis that every event has a prior cause and is necessitated by prior events and natural laws.
- What is logical determinism?
- The view that all statements about the future are either definitely true or false, making the future fixed.
- What is fatalism?
- The view that human choices do not affect the future because the future is fixed regardless of what we do.
- What is the consequence argument?
- An argument that if determinism is true, no one has the power to do otherwise.
- What is Peter van Inwagen's main claim?
- That determinism is incompatible with free will and moral responsibility.
- What is Daniel Dennett's view of free will?
- That free will is real and compatible with physical determinism; it does not require an immaterial soul.