Core formal logic concepts and common informal logical fallacies with a short example of each, set I.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is a proposition?
Show answer
A statement that can be true or false.- What does it mean for an argument to be valid?
Show answer
The conclusion follows necessarily from the premises.- What is a sound argument?
Show answer
A valid argument with all true premises.- What is a deductive argument?
Show answer
An argument where the conclusion must follow from the premises.- What is an inductive argument?
Show answer
An argument where the conclusion probably follows from the premises.- What is a premise?
Show answer
A statement offered as evidence to support a conclusion.- What is a conclusion in an argument?
Show answer
The statement that is argued for based on the premises.- What is modus ponens?
Show answer
If P then Q; P is true; therefore Q is true.- What is modus tollens?
Show answer
If P then Q; Q is false; therefore P is false.- What is a tautology?
Show answer
A statement that is always true regardless of circumstances.- What is a contingent statement?
Show answer
A statement that may be true or false depending on circumstances.- What is a logical operator?
Show answer
A word or symbol that connects propositions, such as AND, OR, or NOT.- What is a conjunction?
Show answer
A compound statement using AND; true only when both parts are true.- What is a disjunction?
Show answer
A compound statement using OR; true when at least one part is true.- What is negation?
Show answer
A statement prefixed with NOT, reversing the truth value.
FlashKeepers