Computer Organization and Architecture, unit: Assembly Language Basics. Core concepts, terminology, and worked-example cues a college student meets for this unit, building on prior units without repeating them. Front: a term, concept, or short problem cue. Back: the definition, explanation, or answer.
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- What is assembly language?
- A low-level programming language using mnemonic instructions that map closely to machine code
- What is machine code?
- The binary instructions directly executed by a CPU
- What is an assembler?
- A program that translates assembly language into machine code
- What is a mnemonic, in assembly language?
- A short, human-readable code representing a machine instruction, like ADD or MOV
- What is a label, in assembly language?
- A named reference to a specific location in code or data, used for jumps and loops
- What is an addressing mode?
- A method specifying how an instruction's operand location is determined
- What is immediate addressing?
- An addressing mode where the operand's value is directly included in the instruction
- What is direct addressing?
- An addressing mode where the instruction specifies the exact memory address of the operand
- What is register addressing?
- An addressing mode where the operand is located in a specified CPU register
- What is a MOV instruction typically used for?
- Copying data from one location, such as a register or memory, to another
- What is a jump instruction used for?
- Changing the flow of execution to a different instruction address
- What is a conditional jump?
- A jump that occurs only if a specified condition (such as a flag) is met
- What is a stack, in assembly-level programming?
- A region of memory used to store data temporarily, following last-in-first-out order
- What is a PUSH instruction?
- An instruction that places a value onto the top of the stack
- What is a POP instruction?
- An instruction that removes and retrieves the value from the top of the stack
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