Computer Organization and Architecture, unit: Boolean Logic and Digital Circuits. Core concepts, terminology, and worked-example cues a college student meets for this unit, building on prior units without repeating them. Front: a term, concept, or short problem cue. Back: the definition, explanation, or answer.
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- What is Boolean logic?
- A system of logic using true/false values and operations like AND, OR, and NOT
- What is a logic gate?
- A basic digital circuit that performs a single Boolean operation on input signals
- What does an AND gate output?
- True only if all of its inputs are true
- What does an OR gate output?
- True if at least one of its inputs is true
- What does a NOT gate output?
- The inverse of its single input
- What does a NAND gate output?
- The inverse of an AND operation; false only if all inputs are true
- What does a NOR gate output?
- The inverse of an OR operation; true only if all inputs are false
- What does an XOR gate output?
- True if exactly one of its two inputs is true, but not both
- Why is the NAND gate considered functionally complete?
- Any Boolean function can be constructed using only NAND gates
- What is a truth table used for in digital logic?
- Showing every possible input combination and the corresponding output of a circuit
- What is a combinational circuit?
- A circuit whose output depends only on its current inputs, with no memory of past states
- What is a sequential circuit?
- A circuit whose output depends on both current inputs and its previous state
- What is a half adder?
- A circuit that adds two single bits and produces a sum and a carry output
- What is a full adder?
- A circuit that adds two bits plus a carry-in, producing a sum and carry-out
- What is a multiplexer?
- A circuit that selects one of several input signals to pass through, based on a control signal
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