Git init, add, commit, status, log, diff, gitignore, the staging area, and the three trees model.
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- What does `git init` do?
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Creates a new Git repository in the current directory- Where is Git's configuration and history stored after running `git init`?
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In a hidden `.git` directory- What is the difference between the working directory and the staging area?
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The working directory contains all current files, while the staging area contains only changes marked for the next commit- Why use a staging area instead of committing changes directly?
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It allows you to choose which specific changes to include in each commit- What does `git add <file>` do?
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Stages the specified file for the next commit- How do you stage all changes in the current directory at once?
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Use `git add .` or `git add -A`- What does `git commit` do?
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Creates a snapshot of the staged changes with an author, timestamp, and message- What is the purpose of the -m flag in `git commit -m "message"`?
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Allows you to write the commit message inline without opening an editor- What happens to the staging area after you run `git commit`?
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It is cleared, ready for the next set of changes- How do you modify the last commit without creating a new one?
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Use `git commit --amend`- What does `git status` show?
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The status of files in the working directory and staging area, indicating what is changed, staged, or untracked- What are untracked files?
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Files in the working directory that Git has never seen before and has not been told to track- What are modified files in Git?
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Files that exist in the repository but have been changed since the last commit- What does `git log` display?
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A history of all commits in reverse chronological order (newest first)- How do you view each commit on a single line in `git log`?
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Use `git log --oneline`
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