Comparing anatomical structures across vertebrate groups for general biology audiences.
34 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What does homologous structure mean?
Show answer
A structure in different species from a common ancestor, with similar arrangement but different functions.- Give an example of homologous structures.
Show answer
Whale forelimbs, bat wings, and human arms (same bone structure, different functions).- What is an analogous structure?
Show answer
Structures in different species that function similarly but evolved independently from different ancestral structures.- Give an example of analogous structures.
Show answer
Bird wings and insect wings (both for flight, evolved from different tissues).- What makes up the vertebral column?
Show answer
Vertebrae, stacked bony or cartilaginous segments.- How many heart chambers does a fish have?
Show answer
Two, one atrium and one ventricle.- What do fish use for gas exchange?
Show answer
Gills, feathery structures that extract dissolved oxygen from water.- What are fish fins used for?
Show answer
Steering, balance, and movement through water.- How do adult amphibians breathe?
Show answer
Through both lungs and skin via cutaneous respiration.- What type of limbs do amphibians have?
Show answer
Four limbs that evolved from fish fins, used for movement on land.- How many heart chambers does an amphibian have?
Show answer
Three, two atria and one ventricle.- How do amphibian eggs differ from reptile eggs?
Show answer
Amphibian eggs lack protective shells and must be laid in water or wet places.- What type of scales do reptiles have?
Show answer
Keratinous scales made of keratin for waterproof protection.- How many heart chambers does a reptile have?
Show answer
Three, with crocodilians having a partial fourth chamber septum.- What allows reptiles to live on land unlike amphibians?
Show answer
The amniotic egg with protective shell and internal membranes.
FlashKeepers