Shock states, sepsis, DIC, trauma, ethics, advocacy, moral distress and the AACN Synergy Model.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What hemodynamic pattern defines cardiogenic shock?
Show answer
Low cardiac output with high systemic vascular resistance (pump failure).- What hemodynamic pattern defines hypovolemic shock?
Show answer
Low preload, low cardiac output, and high systemic vascular resistance.- What hemodynamic pattern defines early septic (distributive) shock?
Show answer
Low systemic vascular resistance with normal or high cardiac output (warm shock).- What causes obstructive shock?
Show answer
A physical blockage to blood flow, such as tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, or massive pulmonary embolism.- What is the hallmark hemodynamic finding in neurogenic shock?
Show answer
Hypotension with bradycardia from loss of sympathetic tone.- What triad of findings suggests anaphylactic shock?
Show answer
Hypotension, bronchospasm or stridor, and urticaria or angioedema after an allergen exposure.- What is the first-line drug for anaphylactic shock?
Show answer
Intramuscular epinephrine.- What serum lactate level, combined with vasopressor-dependent hypotension, supports a diagnosis of septic shock?
Show answer
Greater than 2 mmol/L.- What is SIRS?
Show answer
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, a nonspecific inflammatory reaction (fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, abnormal white blood cell count) that can occur with or without infection.- How does sepsis differ from simple SIRS?
Show answer
Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection.- Within what time frame should broad-spectrum antibiotics be started after recognizing septic shock?
Show answer
Within 1 hour.- What initial fluid bolus is recommended for sepsis-induced hypoperfusion?
Show answer
30 mL/kg of crystalloid within the first 3 hours.- What vasopressor is first-line for septic shock?
Show answer
Norepinephrine.- Why is serial lactate clearance monitored during septic shock resuscitation?
Show answer
It reflects improving tissue perfusion and response to treatment.- What causes disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
Show answer
Widespread activation of the clotting cascade that consumes clotting factors and platelets, causing simultaneous clotting and bleeding.
FlashKeepers