Systematic ABG interpretation for acid-base disorders and oxygenation status tested on respiratory therapist certification exams.
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- Normal pH range on ABG
- 7.35 to 7.45
- Normal PaCO2 range on ABG
- 35 to 45 mmHg
- Normal PaO2 range on ABG at sea level, room air
- 80 to 100 mmHg
- Normal HCO3- range on ABG
- 22 to 26 mEq/L
- Normal SaO2 range on ABG at sea level, room air
- 95 to 100 percent
- Acidemia is defined as ABG pH
- Less than 7.35
- Alkalemia is defined as ABG pH
- Greater than 7.45
- Respiratory acidosis occurs when pH is below 7.35 and PaCO2 is
- Above 45 mmHg
- Respiratory alkalosis occurs when pH is above 7.45 and PaCO2 is
- Below 35 mmHg
- Metabolic acidosis occurs when pH is below 7.35 and HCO3- is
- Below 22 mEq/L
- Metabolic alkalosis occurs when pH is above 7.45 and HCO3- is
- Above 26 mEq/L
- Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis involves
- Hyperventilation to decrease PaCO2
- Respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis involves
- Hypoventilation to increase PaCO2
- Renal compensation for respiratory acidosis involves
- Increased HCO3- reabsorption
- Renal compensation for respiratory alkalosis involves
- Increased HCO3- excretion