Systematic ABG interpretation for acid-base disorders and oxygenation status tested on respiratory therapist certification exams.
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- Normal pH range on ABG
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7.35 to 7.45- Normal PaCO2 range on ABG
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35 to 45 mmHg- Normal PaO2 range on ABG at sea level, room air
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80 to 100 mmHg- Normal HCO3- range on ABG
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22 to 26 mEq/L- Normal SaO2 range on ABG at sea level, room air
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95 to 100 percent- Acidemia is defined as ABG pH
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Less than 7.35- Alkalemia is defined as ABG pH
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Greater than 7.45- Respiratory acidosis occurs when pH is below 7.35 and PaCO2 is
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Above 45 mmHg- Respiratory alkalosis occurs when pH is above 7.45 and PaCO2 is
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Below 35 mmHg- Metabolic acidosis occurs when pH is below 7.35 and HCO3- is
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Below 22 mEq/L- Metabolic alkalosis occurs when pH is above 7.45 and HCO3- is
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Above 26 mEq/L- Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis involves
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Hyperventilation to decrease PaCO2- Respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis involves
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Hypoventilation to increase PaCO2- Renal compensation for respiratory acidosis involves
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Increased HCO3- reabsorption- Renal compensation for respiratory alkalosis involves
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Increased HCO3- excretion
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