Cell structures, organelles, and their functions for a middle/high school life science course.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the cell membrane?
- A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell and controls what enters and exits.
- What is the nucleus?
- A membrane-bound organelle that contains DNA and controls cellular activities.
- What do mitochondria do?
- Break down glucose to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
- What is the function of a ribosome?
- Synthesizes proteins by reading messenger RNA (mRNA) instructions.
- What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
- A network of membranes in the cytoplasm that synthesizes proteins (rough ER) or lipids (smooth ER).
- What is the Golgi apparatus?
- An organelle that packages and ships proteins and lipids to their destinations.
- What are lysosomes?
- Membrane-bound organelles filled with enzymes that break down waste and cellular debris.
- What is the function of a vacuole?
- Stores water, nutrients, and waste products.
- What are chloroplasts?
- Organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, producing glucose from sunlight.
- What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
- Eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles; prokaryotic cells do not.
- What is cytoplasm?
- A gel-like substance inside the cell that contains organelles and fills the space between them.
- What is the nucleolus?
- A region inside the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is made.
- What are chromosomes?
- Structures made of DNA and protein that carry genetic information.
- What is the function of centrioles?
- Organize the spindle fibers that separate chromosomes during cell division.
- What is the cell wall?
- A rigid outer layer in plant cells made of cellulose that provides structure and protection.