AP World History units on the era c.1750 to present covering revolutions, industrialization, and the modern global order.
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- What Enlightenment intellectual movement dominated 18th-century Europe and emphasized reason, natural rights, and empirical science?
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The Enlightenment (or Age of Reason)- Which American founding document, written in 1776, declared independence from Britain and outlined natural rights?
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The Declaration of Independence- What phrase summarized the colonists' main grievance against British taxation in the American Revolution?
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Taxation without representation- In what year did the French Revolution begin?
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1789- What were the three main causes of the French Revolution?
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Financial crisis, food shortages, resentment of absolute monarchy, and Enlightenment ideas- What was the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution?
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A period (1793-1794) when thousands were executed by guillotine, including King Louis XVI- Who was the military leader who rose to power after the French Revolution and conquered much of Europe?
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Napoleon Bonaparte- What was the Industrial Revolution?
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A period of human history when societies shifted from agrarian, handcraft economies to machine-based, factory-centered industrial economies- Which nation was the first to undergo industrialization and why?
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Great Britain, due to coal reserves, capital investment, colonial trade, and stable government- Name three major consequences of the Industrial Revolution.
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Rapid urbanization, rise of industrial working class, factory system production, increased pollution, social inequality- What was the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) intended to accomplish?
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Restore the balance of power in Europe after Napoleon's defeat and establish a new political order- What principle did the Concert of Europe establish among major European powers?
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That they would cooperate to maintain the existing political order and prevent further revolutionary uprisings- What was Manifest Destiny in 19th-century America?
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The belief that American territorial expansion across North America to the Pacific Ocean was justified and inevitable- What economic and political ideology emerged in response to Industrial Revolution working conditions and inequality?
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Socialism and Marxism (communism)- What was the Risorgimento?
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The 19th-century movement for Italian national unification and independence from foreign rule
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