Key AP US History terms and events, Reconstruction through the present.
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- What was the primary purpose of the Reconstruction Act of 1867?
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To divide the South into military districts and require Southern states to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment before readmission to the Union.- Define 'Radical Republicans.'
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Congressional Republicans who wanted a strict Reconstruction with protections for newly freed slaves and punishment for the South.- What was the Freedmen's Bureau?
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A federal agency created in 1865 to provide education, food, and medical care to freed slaves and poor whites in the South.- What did the Fifteenth Amendment guarantee?
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That voting rights could not be denied on the basis of race or previous condition of servitude.- Define 'Carpetbagger.'
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A Northerner who moved to the South during Reconstruction, often to pursue political or economic opportunities.- What was the primary effect of the Compromise of 1877?
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It ended Reconstruction and effectively returned political control of the South to white Democrats, ending federal protection for Black citizens.- Define 'Jim Crow laws.'
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State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the South after Reconstruction ended.- What were 'robber barons'?
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Wealthy businessmen of the Gilded Age, such as Rockefeller and Carnegie, who built industrial empires and dominated their industries.- What was the Sherman Antitrust Act?
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An 1890 federal law that prohibited monopolistic business practices and cartels that restrained trade.- Define 'Populism' in the context of 1890s American politics.
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A political movement that appealed to farmers and working-class Americans, demanding free silver, regulation of railroads, and progressive taxation.- What was the main goal of Progressive Era reforms?
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To address social, political, and economic problems caused by industrialization and urbanization through government regulation and intervention.- What did the Sixteenth Amendment allow Congress to do?
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Collect a federal income tax without apportioning it among the states.- Define 'Imperialism' as applied to U.S. foreign policy in the 1890s.
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The U.S. policy of extending political, military, or economic influence over other territories and nations.- What was the Open Door Policy?
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A U.S. policy asserting that all nations should have equal trading rights in China rather than one power dominating the market.- What was the primary significance of the Panama Canal?
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It provided a strategic shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, enhancing U.S. naval power and global trade.
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