Clinical nutrition, obesity evaluation, and weight management as tested on USMLE Step 2 CK.
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- What is the formula for calculating BMI?
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Weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared (kg/m^2)- What BMI range defines underweight?
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Less than 18.5 kg/m^2- What BMI range is considered normal weight?
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18.5 to 24.9 kg/m^2- What BMI range defines overweight?
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25.0 to 29.9 kg/m^2- What BMI range defines obesity class I?
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30.0 to 34.9 kg/m^2- What BMI range defines obesity class II?
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35.0 to 39.9 kg/m^2- What BMI defines obesity class III (severe obesity)?
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40 kg/m^2 or greater- What waist circumference in men indicates increased cardiometabolic risk?
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Greater than 40 inches (102 cm)- What waist circumference in women indicates increased cardiometabolic risk?
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Greater than 35 inches (88 cm)- What is the first-line treatment for obesity?
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Lifestyle modification: dietary changes, increased physical activity, and behavioral therapy- At what BMI is pharmacotherapy for obesity generally indicated?
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BMI 30 or greater, or BMI 27 or greater with a weight-related comorbidity- At what BMI is bariatric surgery generally indicated?
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BMI 40 or greater, or BMI 35 or greater with a weight-related comorbidity- What is the mechanism of action of orlistat?
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Inhibits pancreatic and gastric lipase, reducing intestinal fat absorption- What is a major side effect of orlistat and its nutritional consequence?
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Steatorrhea, which can lead to fat-soluble vitamin (A, D, E, K) deficiency- How do GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., semaglutide) promote weight loss?
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They delay gastric emptying and increase satiety
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