A condensed rapid review pass over the highest yield renal physiology and pathology facts for final week review.
39 cards · mixed cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What mechanism allows renal blood flow to stay constant despite changes in arterial blood pressure (60-160 mmHg)?
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Myogenic autoregulation (stretch-induced constriction of the afferent arteriole)- Clearance-based GFR is calculated as (urine concentration x urine flow rate) divided by ____ of a freely filtered, non-reabsorbed, non-secreted marker.
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plasma concentration- How is filtration fraction calculated?
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GFR divided by renal plasma flow (RPF)- Which marker substance is used to measure GFR because it is freely filtered and neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the nephron?
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Inulin- What renal physiologic parameter does para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) clearance estimate?
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Effective renal plasma flow (RPF)- In which nephron segment is nearly all filtered glucose normally reabsorbed?
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Proximal convoluted tubule- Is the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle permeable to water?
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No, it is impermeable to water- Is the thin descending limb of the loop of Henle permeable to water?
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Yes, it is permeable to water but not to solutes- ADH binds V2 receptors on collecting duct principal cells and triggers insertion of ____ channels into the apical membrane.
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aquaporin 2- Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion by acting on which cell type?
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Principal cells of the collecting duct- PTH increases calcium reabsorption primarily in which nephron segment?
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Distal convoluted tubule- What effect does PTH have on renal phosphate handling?
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It decreases phosphate reabsorption in the proximal tubule, increasing phosphate excretion- What is the main effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on the glomerulus?
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It increases GFR by dilating the afferent arteriole and constricting the efferent arteriole- Angiotensin II preferentially constricts which renal arteriole?
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The efferent arteriole- Renin is secreted by which specialized renal cells?
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Juxtaglomerular cells
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