Nephron transport mechanisms, tubuloglomerular feedback, and acid-base compensation concepts tested on USMLE Step 1.
About this set
34 basic cards for USMLE Step 1 Physiology. Set 8 of 9 in USMLE Physiology. It opens with "Where in the nephron does SGLT2-mediated Na+/glucose cotransport primarily" and "Approximately what percentage of filtered Na+ is reabsorbed in the proximal". Study it alongside the other USMLE Step 1 sets below.
34 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- Where in the nephron does SGLT2-mediated Na+/glucose cotransport primarily occur?
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Early proximal convoluted tubule- Approximately what percentage of filtered Na+ is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule?
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About 65 to 70 percent- What percentage of filtered bicarbonate is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule?
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About 80 to 90 percent- Which enzyme allows the proximal tubule brush border to convert CO2 and H2O for bicarbonate reabsorption?
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Carbonic anhydrase- Which transporter mediates Na+, K+, and Cl- reabsorption in the thick ascending limb?
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Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2)- Loop diuretics act on which nephron transporter?
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The Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) in the thick ascending limb- Is the thick ascending limb permeable to water?
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No, it is impermeable to water- Which transporter mediates Na+ and Cl- reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
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Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC)- Thiazide diuretics act on which nephron transporter?
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The Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) in the distal convoluted tubule- In the collecting duct, what is the main function of principal cells?
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Reabsorb Na+ and secrete K+- In the collecting duct, what is the main function of intercalated cells?
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Regulate acid-base balance by secreting H+ or HCO3-- Which hormone increases Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion by principal cells?
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Aldosterone- Which channel does aldosterone upregulate in principal cells to increase Na+ reabsorption?
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Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)- Which hormone increases water permeability of the collecting duct?
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ADH (vasopressin)- Which water channel does ADH insert into the luminal membrane of collecting duct cells?
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Aquaporin-2 (AQP2)
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