Folds, faults, stress and strain, strike and dip, landforms, rivers, coasts and mapping.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is an anticline?
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An upward-arching fold where rocks dip away from a central axis.- What is a syncline?
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A downward-arching fold where rocks dip toward a central axis.- What is a monocline?
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A bend in rock layers where beds dip consistently in one direction.- What is the axial plane of a fold?
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The plane that splits a fold symmetrically, passing through the fold axis.- What are the limbs of a fold?
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The two sides of a fold that dip away from the axial plane.- What is the plunge of a fold?
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The angle and direction that a fold axis tilts from horizontal.- How does a normal fault form?
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Tensional stress pulls rocks apart, causing the hanging wall to slip down relative to the footwall.- How does a reverse fault form?
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Compressional stress pushes rocks together, causing the hanging wall to slip up relative to the footwall.- What is a strike-slip fault?
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A fault where blocks move horizontally past each other with little vertical displacement.- What is dip-slip movement on a fault?
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Vertical movement along a fault where rock blocks slide up or down the dip of the fault plane.- What is stress in rocks?
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Force applied per unit area that deforms or strains rock material.- What type of stress causes compression?
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Pushing or squeezing stress that decreases rock volume.- What type of stress causes tension?
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Pulling or stretching stress that tends to elongate rock.- What is shear stress?
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Stress acting parallel to a surface, tending to slide one part of rock past another.- What is strain in rocks?
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The actual deformation or change in shape and size resulting from stress.
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