How linguists classify languages by structural features such as word order and morphological type.
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- In linguistics, what does the term 'word order' describe?
- The typical sequence of the subject, verb, and object in a language's sentences
- Which of the six basic word order types places the verb first?
- VSO (Verb-Subject-Object) and VOS (Verb-Object-Subject)
- What is SVO word order?
- Subject-Verb-Object, where the subject comes first, then the verb, then the object
- What is SOV word order?
- Subject-Object-Verb, where the subject comes first, then the object, then the verb
- What is VSO word order?
- Verb-Subject-Object, where the verb comes first, followed by the subject, then the object
- Which word order type is more common globally: SOV or SVO?
- SOV (Subject-Object-Verb), though SVO is also very common
- What is an isolating language?
- A language in which most morphemes are free morphemes, with little or no inflection on words
- What is an agglutinative language?
- A language that builds words by adding multiple bound morphemes to a root, each morpheme typically expressing a single grammatical function
- What is a fusional language?
- A language in which bound morphemes often fuse together, making it hard to separate individual grammatical meanings
- What is a polysynthetic language?
- A language that freely combines many morphemes per word, often expressing what other languages convey in entire clauses
- In linguistics, what is a morpheme?
- The smallest unit of language that carries meaning
- What is a free morpheme?
- A morpheme that can stand alone as a complete word
- What is a bound morpheme?
- A morpheme that cannot stand alone and must be attached to another morpheme
- What is an allomorph?
- A variant form of a morpheme that differs in shape but conveys the same grammatical or semantic meaning
- What is the difference between inflectional and derivational morphology?
- Inflectional morphology marks grammatical properties (tense, number, case) without changing word class; derivational morphology creates new words or changes word class
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