Security studies vocabulary, including deterrence, collective security, and the balance of power.
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- What is the security dilemma?
- A situation where defensive measures by one state appear threatening to others, creating a cycle of insecurity.
- Define deterrence in international relations.
- The threat to retaliate in order to prevent an adversary from attacking.
- What is hegemony?
- The dominance of one state over others in military, economic, or political power.
- What does balance of power mean?
- The distribution of military and economic capabilities among states to prevent any single state from dominating.
- Define collective security.
- An arrangement where an attack on any member is treated as an attack on all members, who agree to respond together.
- What is extended deterrence?
- A security guarantee where a powerful state threatens retaliation against anyone who attacks its ally.
- What does Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) mean?
- A strategic situation where both sides possess enough nuclear weapons to destroy each other even after a first strike.
- Define soft power.
- The ability to influence others through attraction and persuasion rather than coercion or payment.
- What is hard power?
- The ability to influence others through coercive means, typically military or economic sanctions.
- What is an alliance in international relations?
- A formal agreement between two or more states to provide mutual defense or support against threats.
- What is realism as an IR theory?
- A theory holding that states act primarily in self-interest, that international anarchy makes conflict inevitable, and that military power is paramount.
- What is liberalism as an IR theory?
- A theory emphasizing that institutions, international law, democratic governance, and economic interdependence can reduce conflict.
- What is constructivism in IR theory?
- A theory arguing that identities, ideas, and social constructs shape state interests and behavior, not just material factors.
- What does balancing mean in international relations?
- The practice of weaker states aligning together to counter the power of a dominant or threatening state.
- What is bandwagoning?
- When a state joins the stronger side in a conflict or power dynamic to gain advantages and security.
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