Union organizing basics, collective bargaining process, and labor relations vocabulary for the HR professional.
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- What is a labor union?
- An organization of workers formed to negotiate with employers over wages, hours, and working conditions
- What is collective bargaining?
- The process by which a union and employer negotiate the terms of a labor contract
- What US federal law protects most private-sector employees' right to organize and bargain collectively?
- The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
- What federal agency enforces the National Labor Relations Act?
- The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
- In ____, employees vote by secret ballot on whether to be represented by a union.
- a union election
- What is a bargaining unit?
- A group of employees with shared interests who are represented by a union for collective bargaining purposes
- What percentage of a bargaining unit must sign authorization cards before the NLRB will typically schedule a union election?
- At least 30 percent
- What is an authorization card?
- A card signed by an employee indicating support for union representation
- What term describes an employer's unlawful actions to prevent or punish union organizing?
- Unfair labor practice (ULP)
- What is a card check?
- A process where an employer voluntarily recognizes a union based on signed authorization cards instead of a formal election
- What is an open shop?
- A workplace where employees are not required to join or financially support a union as a condition of employment
- What is a union shop?
- A workplace where new employees must join the union within a specified time after being hired
- What is an agency shop?
- A workplace where employees are not required to join the union but must pay a fee for representation costs
- What term describes state laws that prohibit mandatory union membership or fees as a condition of employment?
- Right-to-work laws
- What is a collective bargaining agreement (CBA)?
- A written contract between an employer and a union covering wages, hours, and working conditions