Malabsorption syndrome recognition and nutritional deficiency workup in clinical gastroenterology practice.
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- What is the underlying pathophysiology of celiac disease?
- An autoimmune reaction to gluten that damages small intestine villi
- Which antibody test is used to screen for celiac disease?
- Anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA (anti-tTG IgA)
- What is the gold standard test for diagnosing celiac disease?
- Duodenal biopsy showing villous atrophy
- What is the treatment for celiac disease?
- Lifelong gluten-free diet
- What skin condition is associated with celiac disease?
- Dermatitis herpetiformis
- Celiac disease is strongly associated with ____.
- HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8
- What organism causes Whipple's disease?
- Tropheryma whipplei
- What is the classic biopsy finding in Whipple's disease?
- PAS-positive macrophages in the lamina propria
- What test is used to diagnose small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO)?
- Hydrogen breath test
- What is the standard antibiotic treatment for SIBO?
- Rifaximin
- Why does chronic pancreatitis cause malabsorption?
- Loss of pancreatic enzymes, especially lipase, leads to fat malabsorption
- What stool test assesses exocrine pancreatic function?
- Fecal elastase test
- The 72-hour ____ test is the gold standard for diagnosing steatorrhea.
- fecal fat
- What is the purpose of the D-xylose test?
- To differentiate mucosal (small intestinal) malabsorption from pancreatic insufficiency
- What is the D-xylose test result in celiac disease?
- Low urinary xylose excretion (abnormal)