Vaccine effectiveness, herd immunity, and immunization program concepts tested at the introductory public health level.
30 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is vaccine effectiveness?
Show answer
A measure of how well a vaccine performs in preventing disease under real-world conditions- What is vaccine efficacy?
Show answer
A measure of how well a vaccine performs in preventing disease under the controlled conditions of a clinical trial- What is herd immunity?
Show answer
Indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a sufficient proportion of a population is immune, reducing disease spread- What is the herd immunity threshold?
Show answer
The minimum proportion of a population that must be immune to interrupt sustained disease transmission- What factor primarily determines the herd immunity threshold for a given disease?
Show answer
The basic reproduction number (R0) of the pathogen- What is the basic reproduction number (R0)?
Show answer
The average number of secondary infections produced by one infected individual in a fully susceptible population- What is active immunity?
Show answer
Immunity produced by a person's own immune system in response to an antigen, such as through infection or vaccination- What is passive immunity?
Show answer
Immunity provided by receiving antibodies from another source, such as maternal antibodies or immune globulin- What is a live attenuated vaccine?
Show answer
A vaccine containing a weakened form of a live pathogen that stimulates a strong, durable immune response- What is an inactivated (killed) vaccine?
Show answer
A vaccine containing a pathogen that has been killed and cannot replicate, often requiring booster doses- What is an mRNA vaccine?
Show answer
A vaccine that delivers genetic instructions for cells to produce a viral protein, triggering an immune response- What is a subunit vaccine?
Show answer
A vaccine containing only a specific piece of the pathogen, such as a protein, rather than the whole organism- What is a conjugate vaccine?
Show answer
A vaccine that links a weak antigen, such as a bacterial polysaccharide, to a stronger carrier protein to improve immune response, especially in young children- Why are live attenuated vaccines generally contraindicated in immunocompromised individuals?
Show answer
Because the weakened pathogen could potentially cause disease in someone unable to mount a normal immune response- What is vaccine hesitancy?
Show answer
A delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite the availability of vaccine services
FlashKeepers