Insulin therapy patient education, DKA and HHS recognition, and thyroid disorder nursing care, distinct from the drug-class focus of the Nursing Pharmacology endocrine deck.
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- What is the onset of action for rapid-acting insulin (such as lispro)?
- About 15 minutes
- What is the peak action time for rapid-acting insulin?
- 1 to 2 hours after injection
- What is the onset of action for regular (short-acting) insulin?
- About 30 minutes
- What is the onset of action for NPH (intermediate-acting) insulin?
- 1 to 2 hours after injection
- Long-acting basal insulins such as glargine have ____, providing steady background coverage.
- no pronounced peak
- Why should a patient rotate insulin injection sites?
- To prevent lipodystrophy, tissue changes that impair insulin absorption
- Which injection site provides the fastest insulin absorption?
- The abdomen
- How should an unopened insulin vial be stored?
- In the refrigerator
- About how long can an insulin vial that is currently in use be kept at room temperature?
- About 28 days
- How should a cloudy insulin suspension like NPH be mixed before drawing up a dose?
- Gently roll the vial between the hands; never shake it vigorously
- When mixing regular and NPH insulin in one syringe, which insulin should be drawn up first?
- The clear (regular) insulin first, then the cloudy (NPH) insulin
- What is the Somogyi effect?
- Rebound morning hyperglycemia caused by an unrecognized nighttime hypoglycemic episode
- What is the dawn phenomenon?
- Early morning hyperglycemia caused by the natural release of counterregulatory hormones like growth hormone and cortisol
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) most commonly occurs in which type of diabetes?
- Type 1 diabetes
- Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) most commonly occurs in which type of diabetes?
- Type 2 diabetes