Computer Networks, unit: The Network Layer and Routing. Core concepts, terminology, and worked-example cues a college student meets for this unit, building on prior units without repeating them. Front: a term, concept, or short problem cue. Back: the definition, explanation, or answer.
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- What is the Network layer responsible for?
- Logical addressing and routing data across multiple networks
- What is an IP address?
- A unique logical address identifying a device on a network
- What is IPv4?
- The fourth version of the Internet Protocol, using 32-bit addresses
- What is IPv6?
- The newer Internet Protocol version, using 128-bit addresses to vastly expand the address space
- Why was IPv6 developed?
- IPv4's roughly 4.3 billion addresses were becoming insufficient for the growing number of internet-connected devices
- What is a subnet?
- A logical subdivision of a larger network
- What is subnet masking used for?
- Determining which portion of an IP address represents the network versus the host
- What is CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)?
- A method for allocating IP addresses and routing more flexibly than old fixed classes
- What is a router?
- A device that forwards data packets between different networks based on IP address
- What is routing?
- The process of selecting a path for data to travel across interconnected networks
- What is a routing table?
- A data structure a router uses to determine the best path for forwarding packets
- What is a default gateway?
- The router a device sends traffic to when the destination is outside its local network
- What is NAT (Network Address Translation)?
- A technique that maps private internal IP addresses to a public IP address for internet access
- What is a private IP address range used for?
- Addressing devices within a local network, not directly reachable from the public internet
- What is a public IP address?
- An address that is globally unique and routable on the public internet
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