Epidemiology basics, levels of prevention, and community health assessment concepts tested on NCLEX-RN.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is epidemiology?
- The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states in populations.
- What is incidence rate?
- The number of new cases of a disease in a population during a specific time period.
- What is prevalence?
- The total number of existing cases (new and old) of a disease in a population at a given time.
- What term describes a disease that is constantly present at a low level in a specific population or region?
- Endemic
- What term describes a sudden increase in disease cases above what is normally expected in a population?
- Epidemic
- What term describes an epidemic that has spread over multiple countries or continents?
- Pandemic
- What is an outbreak?
- A sudden rise in cases of a disease in a limited geographic area.
- What is attack rate?
- The proportion of a population that develops disease during a specific outbreak, over a specific short time period.
- What is a crude rate?
- A rate that measures an event in an entire population without adjusting for specific factors like age.
- What is case fatality rate?
- The proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it.
- What does morbidity refer to?
- The state of being diseased or the frequency of illness in a population.
- What does mortality rate measure?
- The frequency of death in a defined population during a specific time period.
- What are the three components of the epidemiologic triangle?
- Agent, host, and environment.
- In the epidemiologic triangle, what is the 'agent'?
- The cause of the disease, such as a pathogen, chemical, or physical factor.
- In the epidemiologic triangle, what is the 'host'?
- The organism, usually a person, that harbors and may develop the disease.