Relief of foreign-body airway obstruction by age, opioid overdose response with naloxone, drowning, pregnancy and two-rescuer team dynamics in BLS.
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- What is the universal sign for choking?
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Clutching the throat with one or both hands.- How can you tell a mild (partial) airway obstruction from a severe one?
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A person with a mild obstruction can still cough forcefully or speak; a person with a severe obstruction cannot cough, speak, or breathe.- What is the recommended technique for a conscious adult or child with a severe airway obstruction?
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Abdominal thrusts (the Heimlich maneuver).- Where should your hands be placed to perform abdominal thrusts?
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Just above the navel and below the tip of the sternum (breastbone).- How can a person perform abdominal thrusts on themselves if choking alone?
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Press their abdomen forcefully against a firm object, such as the back of a chair.- What technique is used to clear a severe airway obstruction in a conscious infant (under 1 year)?
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Alternating back blows and chest thrusts.- Why are abdominal thrusts avoided in infants with airway obstruction?
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They risk injuring the infant's abdominal organs, such as the liver.- In infant choking relief, how many back blows and chest thrusts are given per cycle?
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5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts, repeated until the object is expelled or the infant becomes unresponsive.- How should an infant be positioned while delivering back blows for choking?
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Face down along the rescuer's forearm, with the head lower than the chest and the jaw supported.- What should a rescuer do if a choking victim becomes unresponsive?
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Begin CPR, starting with chest compressions.- During CPR for a previously choking victim, what extra step is added before giving breaths?
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Open the mouth and look for the object; remove it only if it is visible.- What modification is made to choking relief technique for a pregnant or significantly obese conscious victim?
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Chest thrusts are used instead of abdominal thrusts.- Why should someone who had abdominal thrusts performed on them still seek medical evaluation afterward?
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Abdominal thrusts can cause internal injury, even if the person feels fine afterward.- What is the classic triad of signs suggesting an opioid overdose?
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Unresponsiveness, slow or absent breathing, and pinpoint pupils.- What type of drug is naloxone and what does it do?
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It is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids on the brain's receptors.
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