Neonatal resuscitation flow: initial assessment, warming, positive pressure ventilation, chest compressions ratio, umbilical access, epinephrine and target oxygen saturations by minute of life.
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- What three questions guide the initial assessment of a newborn immediately after birth?
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Is the baby term gestation, does the baby have good tone, and is the baby breathing or crying?- What is the "Golden Minute" in neonatal resuscitation?
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The first 60 seconds after birth, in which initial steps and the first assessment should be completed.- What is the target axillary temperature range for a newborn during resuscitation?
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36.5 to 37.5 degrees Celsius.- What are the four components of the initial steps in newborn resuscitation?
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Warm, dry, stimulate, and position the airway (clearing secretions if needed).- How long should cord clamping be delayed for a vigorous term or preterm newborn?
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At least 30 to 60 seconds.- What is the preferred method for assessing heart rate during neonatal resuscitation?
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ECG (cardiac monitor leads), because it is faster and more accurate than auscultation or pulse oximetry.- What finding after the initial steps indicates that positive pressure ventilation (PPV) should be started?
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Apnea, gasping, or a heart rate below 100 beats per minute.- What initial peak inspiratory pressure is typically used when starting PPV in a term newborn?
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About 20 to 25 cm H2O.- What PEEP is typically used during PPV in neonatal resuscitation?
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5 cm H2O.- What ventilation rate is used when giving PPV to a newborn?
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40 to 60 breaths per minute.- What do the letters of the MR SOPA mnemonic stand for in NRP?
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Mask adjustment, Reposition the airway, Suction mouth and nose, Open the mouth, Pressure increase, Alternative airway.- At what heart rate should chest compressions be started during neonatal resuscitation?
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Heart rate below 60 beats per minute despite 30 seconds of effective PPV.- What is the compression to ventilation ratio used during neonatal chest compressions?
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3 compressions to 1 ventilation.- How deep should chest compressions be given to a newborn?
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About one third of the anterior-posterior diameter of the chest.- What is the preferred hand technique for newborn chest compressions?
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The two-thumb encircling hands technique.
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