IV catheter and central line setup, fluid warmer and infusion pump equipment, and basic fluid management concepts tested on the Cer.A.T. certification exam.
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- The most common site for peripheral IV catheter placement
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The forearm or hand veins- A larger IV catheter gauge number corresponds to
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A smaller physical catheter diameter- An 18-gauge or larger IV catheter is generally preferred for
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Rapid fluid resuscitation or blood product administration- A central venous catheter differs from a peripheral IV in that it
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Terminates in a large central vein, such as the superior vena cava, rather than a peripheral vein- A common insertion site for a central venous catheter
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The internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein- A key indication for central venous access over peripheral access
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Need for vasoactive medications, central venous pressure monitoring, or poor peripheral access- A common complication of subclavian central line placement
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Pneumothorax- Ultrasound guidance for central line placement primarily helps reduce the risk of
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Arterial puncture and failed cannulation attempts- An arterial line is used intraoperatively primarily for
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Continuous, beat-to-beat blood pressure monitoring and arterial blood gas sampling- The most common site for arterial line placement
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The radial artery- The Allen test is performed before radial arterial line placement to
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Assess collateral ulnar artery blood flow to the hand before cannulating the radial artery- A pulmonary artery (Swan-Ganz) catheter is used to measure
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Pulmonary artery pressure and estimate left-sided filling pressures via pulmonary capillary wedge pressure- Crystalloid intravenous fluids, such as normal saline and lactated Ringer's, primarily distribute into
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The extracellular fluid compartment- Colloid intravenous fluids, such as albumin, are intended to primarily remain within the
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Intravascular space, due to their larger molecular size- Lactated Ringer's solution differs from normal saline in that it
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Contains electrolytes closer to plasma concentration, including potassium, calcium, and lactate as a bicarbonate precursor
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