Core concepts behind energy balance, calories, and metabolism, explained conceptually for general weight management understanding.
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- What term describes the balance between calories consumed and calories the body uses for energy?
- Energy balance
- What happens to body weight when calorie intake consistently exceeds calories burned?
- Weight gain
- What happens to body weight when calorie intake is consistently less than calories burned?
- Weight loss
- What term describes the number of calories a body burns at rest just to maintain basic functions like breathing and circulation?
- Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
- What term describes the total number of calories a person burns in a day, including activity, digestion, and resting metabolism?
- Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE)
- What term describes calories burned digesting and processing food itself?
- The thermic effect of food
- What factor, alongside diet, is a major contributor to a person's total daily energy expenditure through movement and exercise?
- Physical activity
- What term describes involuntary daily movement, like fidgeting or walking around, that burns calories outside of formal exercise?
- Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
- What body tissue burns more calories at rest than fat tissue, making it relevant to metabolism?
- Muscle (lean tissue)
- What term describes muscle loss that can occur with aging, potentially slowing metabolism over time?
- Sarcopenia
- What common weight loss strategy involves reducing calorie intake below the amount needed to maintain current weight?
- A calorie deficit
- What term describes a person's typical daily calorie need in order to maintain their current body weight?
- Maintenance calories
- What term measures the energy content of food, commonly listed on nutrition labels?
- Calories (kilocalories)
- What macronutrient provides the most calories per gram, more than double that of protein or carbohydrates?
- Fat (9 calories per gram)
- How many calories per gram do both protein and carbohydrates provide?
- 4 calories per gram