Preoperative risk assessment and perioperative medical management as tested on USMLE Step 3.
40 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What clinical prediction tool estimates a patient's risk of a major cardiac event during noncardiac surgery using six risk factors?
- The Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI)
- In the RCRI, what serum creatinine level counts as a risk factor?
- Serum creatinine greater than 2.0 mg/dL
- In the RCRI, which type of diabetes management counts as a risk factor?
- Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- In the RCRI, a history of what neurologic condition counts as a risk factor?
- Cerebrovascular disease (prior stroke or TIA)
- In the RCRI, a history of what cardiac condition counts as a risk factor?
- Ischemic heart disease
- Which categories of surgery count as 'high-risk surgery' in the RCRI?
- Intraperitoneal, intrathoracic, or suprainguinal vascular surgery
- In the RCRI, a history of what condition involving fluid overload counts as a risk factor?
- Congestive heart failure
- How does the RCRI risk of a major cardiac event change as the number of present risk factors increases?
- Risk of a major perioperative cardiac event rises with each additional risk factor present
- What does ASA Physical Status Class I describe?
- A normal, healthy patient
- What does ASA Physical Status Class II describe?
- A patient with mild systemic disease
- What does ASA Physical Status Class III describe?
- A patient with severe systemic disease
- What does ASA Physical Status Class IV describe?
- A patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
- What does ASA Physical Status Class V describe?
- A moribund patient not expected to survive without the operation
- What does ASA Physical Status Class VI describe?
- A brain-dead patient whose organs are being removed for donation
- What MET (metabolic equivalent) level is used as the threshold for adequate functional capacity before noncardiac surgery?
- 4 METs