Substance intoxication and withdrawal management plus personality disorder cluster recognition scenarios tested on USMLE Step 2 CK.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- How soon after the last drink do alcohol withdrawal symptoms typically begin?
- 6 to 24 hours
- In alcohol withdrawal, during what time window do withdrawal seizures most commonly occur?
- 12 to 48 hours after the last drink
- In alcohol withdrawal, during what time window does delirium tremens typically appear?
- 48 to 96 hours after the last drink
- What are the key features of delirium tremens?
- Autonomic instability, severe confusion, and visual or tactile hallucinations
- What is the first-line drug class for treating alcohol withdrawal?
- Benzodiazepines
- What is the classic triad of Wernicke encephalopathy?
- Confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia
- In a malnourished alcoholic patient, ____ should be given before glucose to avoid precipitating Wernicke encephalopathy.
- thiamine
- What is the hallmark feature distinguishing Korsakoff syndrome from Wernicke encephalopathy?
- Anterograde amnesia with confabulation
- What are the characteristic symptoms of opioid withdrawal?
- Diarrhea, rhinorrhea, piloerection, yawning, and muscle aches
- Which two medications are used for medication-assisted treatment of opioid use disorder?
- Methadone and buprenorphine
- What is the classic triad of opioid overdose?
- Miosis (pinpoint pupils), respiratory depression, and CNS depression
- What is the antidote used to reverse opioid overdose?
- Naloxone
- What is the major medical risk of untreated benzodiazepine withdrawal?
- Life-threatening seizures
- What is the recommended approach to managing sedative-hypnotic (e.g., benzodiazepine) withdrawal?
- A gradual, tapered dose reduction
- What are the signs of cocaine or amphetamine intoxication?
- Euphoria, tachycardia, hypertension, and pupillary dilation