Indications, formula types, access routes, tube feeding complications, TPN components, refeeding syndrome and monitoring.
40 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the primary criterion for choosing enteral nutrition over parenteral nutrition?
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A functional and accessible gastrointestinal tract- What is the main indication for parenteral nutrition?
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A nonfunctional, inaccessible, or unsafe GI tract that cannot absorb adequate nutrients- In a critically ill patient who cannot meet nutrient needs orally, within what time frame should enteral nutrition typically be started?
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Within 24 to 48 hours of admission- What GI condition is an absolute contraindication to enteral feeding?
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Mechanical bowel obstruction- What type of enteral formula contains intact proteins, carbohydrates, and fats requiring normal digestion?
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Polymeric (standard) formula- What type of enteral formula provides nutrients as free amino acids and simple sugars for patients with severe malabsorption?
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Elemental (monomeric) formula- What type of enteral formula contains partially hydrolyzed proteins (peptides) for moderate digestive impairment?
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Semi-elemental (peptide-based) formula- What is the typical caloric density of a standard polymeric enteral formula?
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1.0 to 1.2 kcal per mL- When is a calorically dense (1.5 to 2.0 kcal/mL) enteral formula most appropriate?
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When fluid restriction is needed, such as in renal, cardiac, or pulmonary disease- What electrolytes are typically restricted in a renal-specific enteral formula?
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Potassium and phosphorus, often with reduced fluid volume- What specialized nutrients are added to immune-modulating enteral formulas?
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Arginine, glutamine, omega-3 fatty acids, and nucleotides- What enteral access device runs from the nose to the stomach and is used for short-term feeding (generally under 4 weeks)?
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Nasogastric (NG) tube- What enteral access device delivers formula from the nose into the jejunum?
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Nasojejunal (NJ) tube- What enteral access device is placed endoscopically through the abdominal wall into the stomach for long-term feeding?
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Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube- What long-term enteral access route bypasses the stomach and feeds directly into the jejunum?
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Jejunostomy tube
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