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TOEFL/IELTS · ESL Proficiency

TOEFL/IELTS: Academic Vocabulary

High-frequency academic vocabulary from the Academic Word List used across TOEFL and IELTS reading and writing sections.

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What does the academic adjective 'abstract' mean?
Existing as an idea or quality rather than a physical, concrete thing
What does the academic verb 'adapt' mean?
To adjust or change something to suit new conditions
What does the academic verb 'allocate' mean?
To distribute resources for a particular purpose
What does the academic adjective 'ambiguous' mean?
Open to more than one interpretation
What does the academic verb 'assess' mean?
To evaluate or judge the nature or quality of something
What does the academic noun 'bias' mean?
A tendency to favor one side unfairly, affecting judgment
benefit
advantage
What does the academic noun 'capacity' mean?
The maximum amount that something can hold or produce
What does the academic adjective 'coherent' mean?
Logical and consistent, easy to follow
What does the academic noun 'component' mean?
One part of a larger system or whole
What does the academic noun 'constraint' mean?
A limitation that restricts action or choice
What does the academic noun 'criteria' mean?
Standards used to judge or decide something
What does the academic verb 'deduce' mean?
To reach a conclusion by reasoning from known facts
What does the academic verb 'denote' mean?
To be a sign of, or to indicate
What does the academic adjective 'diverse' mean?
Showing a great deal of variety

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