Conformity, obedience, attribution, and group dynamics concepts from a college social psychology course, distinct from the famous-studies deck's specific experiments.
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- What is informational social influence?
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Conformity based on accepting others' interpretations of reality as factually correct, especially in ambiguous situations.- What is normative social influence?
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Conformity motivated by a desire to gain approval and avoid disapproval from others.- How does public conformity differ from private acceptance?
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Public conformity is outward compliance without internal belief change; private acceptance involves genuine belief change.- What is the foot-in-the-door technique?
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Getting someone to comply with a small request first, then following with a larger request.- What is the door-in-the-face technique?
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Making a large, unreasonable request first, then following with a smaller, more reasonable request.- What factors increase conformity pressure in groups?
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Group size, unanimity of the group, importance of the group to the individual, and public nature of the response.- What is the fundamental attribution error?
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The tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal dispositions while underestimating the role of situational factors.- What is the actor-observer bias?
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When explaining our own behavior, we emphasize situational factors; when explaining others' behavior, we emphasize internal factors.- What is the self-serving bias?
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The tendency to attribute success to internal factors and failure to external factors for oneself.- What is social facilitation?
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The tendency for people to perform better on simple, well-learned tasks when others are present.- What is social inhibition?
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The tendency for people to perform worse on complex or unfamiliar tasks when others are present.- What does the Zajonc drive theory explain about performance with others?
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Arousal from others' presence enhances dominant responses; for simple tasks this aids performance, but for complex tasks it hinders it.- What is deindividuation?
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Loss of self-awareness and accountability in groups, leading to uninhibited and sometimes antisocial behavior.- What is social loafing?
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The tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working in a group than when working alone.- What is diffusion of responsibility?
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In groups, individuals feel less personal responsibility for outcomes because responsibility is spread among group members.
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