Logic, language games, logical positivism, philosophy of language, and key analytic debates.
39 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What did Frege call the objective content of a thought?
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Sense (Sinn)- What is Frege's term for what an expression refers to in the world?
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Reference (Bedeutung)- In Frege's logic, what are the two fundamental categories?
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Function and argument- What is Frege's distinction between a concept and an object?
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A concept is a function yielding a truth value when applied to an argument; an object does not yield a truth value- How did Frege's quantified logic differ from Aristotelian logic?
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Frege used logical functions and predicates instead of subject-predicate sentences- What puzzle did Frege raise about identity statements like 'a = b'?
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How such statements can differ in cognitive value from 'a = a' if they refer to the same object- What is the significance of Frege's Basic Law V?
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It allowed reduction of arithmetic to logic, but led to Russell's paradox- What does Frege's context principle state?
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A word has meaning only in the context of a sentence- What is Russell's theory of descriptions?
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A theory showing how definite descriptions analyze as existential quantifications rather than as referring expressions- What is the logical form of 'The king of France is bald' according to Russell?
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There exists an x such that x is a king of France, x is unique, and x is bald- What is Russell's logical atomism?
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The view that the world consists of atomic facts and language mirrors this structure- What is Russell's paradox?
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The set of all sets that are not members of themselves is a member of itself if and only if it is not- What did Russell propose to solve his paradox?
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The ramified theory of types, which stratifies sets into a hierarchy- What is the significance of Russell's 'On Denoting' article?
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It introduced the theory of descriptions, transforming how philosophy treats referring expressions- What is a primary occurrence of a description in Russell's theory?
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An occurrence where the description's scope extends over the entire sentence
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