System-based pediatric gastrointestinal and renal condition assessment findings and priority interventions.
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- What type of vomiting is the hallmark sign of pyloric stenosis?
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Projectile, non-bilious vomiting, usually right after feeding- In pyloric stenosis, what is the palpable abdominal mass called?
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An olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant- What is the surgical treatment for pyloric stenosis?
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Pyloromyotomy- What acid-base and electrolyte imbalance is classic in pyloric stenosis from prolonged vomiting?
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Hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis- What stool characteristic is classic for intussusception?
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Currant jelly stool (mixed with blood and mucus)- How does abdominal pain typically present in a child with intussusception?
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Sudden, severe, intermittent pain with the child drawing knees to chest, followed by pain-free intervals- What shape is the palpable abdominal mass often felt in intussusception?
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A sausage-shaped mass, usually in the right upper quadrant- What is the initial nonsurgical treatment for intussusception?
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Air enema or contrast enema to reduce it- In Hirschsprung disease, the hallmark newborn sign is ____.
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failure to pass meconium within 24 to 48 hours of birth- What causes the functional bowel obstruction in Hirschsprung disease?
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Absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon- What stool characteristic is associated with Hirschsprung disease?
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Ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools- Where is the classic point of tenderness in pediatric appendicitis?
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McBurney's point, in the right lower quadrant- What does sudden relief of abdominal pain suggest in a child with appendicitis?
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Possible perforation of the appendix- What positioning intervention helps manage GERD symptoms in infants?
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Keep the infant upright for 20 to 30 minutes after feeding- Which foods must be avoided in celiac disease?
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Foods containing gluten: wheat, barley, and rye
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