Operating Systems, unit: CPU Scheduling. Core concepts, terminology, and worked-example cues a college student meets for this unit, building on prior units without repeating them. Front: a term, concept, or short problem cue. Back: the definition, explanation, or answer.
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- What is CPU scheduling?
- Deciding which process in the ready queue gets to use the CPU next
- What is a scheduler?
- The OS component responsible for selecting which process runs next
- What is preemptive scheduling?
- A scheduling approach where the OS can interrupt a running process to switch to another
- What is non-preemptive scheduling?
- A scheduling approach where a running process keeps the CPU until it voluntarily gives it up
- What is First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) scheduling?
- Processes are executed in the order they arrive in the ready queue
- What is Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling?
- The process with the smallest estimated execution time runs next
- What is Round Robin scheduling?
- Each process gets a fixed small time slice (quantum) in rotating order
- What is a time quantum, in Round Robin scheduling?
- The fixed amount of CPU time given to each process before switching to the next
- What is priority scheduling?
- Processes are executed based on assigned priority, with higher priority processes running first
- What is starvation, in the context of scheduling?
- A low-priority process indefinitely waiting because higher-priority processes keep arriving
- What is aging, as a solution to starvation?
- Gradually increasing a waiting process's priority the longer it waits
- What is Multilevel Queue scheduling?
- Dividing the ready queue into separate queues based on process type, each with its own scheduling algorithm
- What is Multilevel Feedback Queue scheduling?
- A multilevel queue system that allows processes to move between queues based on behavior and waiting time
- What is turnaround time?
- The total time from a process's arrival to its completion
- What is waiting time, in scheduling terms?
- The total time a process spends in the ready queue, not executing
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