Concrete mixing, curing, and basic masonry techniques and tools used in construction trades.
29 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What are the three main components of concrete?
- Cement, aggregates (sand and gravel), and water.
- What is the standard concrete mix ratio by weight?
- 1 part cement, 2 parts fine aggregate, 3 parts coarse aggregate, 0.5 parts water.
- What is the primary role of water in concrete mixing?
- It activates the cement and provides workability for placement and finishing.
- What are the two types of aggregates in concrete?
- Fine aggregate (sand) and coarse aggregate (gravel or crushed stone).
- Define concrete curing.
- The process of keeping concrete moist and at proper temperature so it hardens and gains strength.
- What is the minimum curing time for concrete to reach approximately 70 percent of final strength?
- Seven days of proper curing.
- How does cold weather affect concrete curing?
- It slows hydration, requiring longer curing times and sometimes protective coverings.
- What is the key difference between mortar and concrete?
- Mortar lacks coarse aggregate and is used to bond bricks, while concrete includes coarse aggregate for structural strength.
- What is running bond in masonry?
- A brick laying pattern where each brick is offset from the one below, with the long side (stretcher) showing horizontally.
- Name three types of mortar joint profiles in masonry.
- Flush, concave, and convex are common options, with others including struck, raked, and weathered.
- What is pointing in masonry?
- Filling or refilling mortar joints in existing brickwork, usually for repair or aesthetic purposes.
- What is efflorescence on masonry surfaces?
- White crystalline deposits (salts) that appear on bricks or mortar as water evaporates.
- What is rebar and why is it used in concrete?
- Steel reinforcement bars placed inside concrete to increase tensile strength and prevent cracking.
- Why is proper spacing important when laying rebar in concrete?
- It ensures concrete can fully surround the rebar (cover) for protection and proper bonding.
- What does a slump test measure?
- The vertical drop of freshly mixed concrete poured into a cone, which indicates consistency and workability.