Maslow's hierarchy, Herzberg's two-factor theory, expectancy theory, and goal-setting theory applied to the workplace.
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- What are the five levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
- Physiological, safety, social/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization
- Define physiological needs in Maslow's hierarchy.
- Basic survival needs such as food, water, sleep, and shelter
- Define safety needs in Maslow's hierarchy.
- The need for security, stability, order, and freedom from fear or physical harm
- Define social or belonging needs in Maslow's hierarchy.
- The need for love, friendship, belonging to a group, and social interaction
- Define esteem needs in Maslow's hierarchy.
- The need for respect, recognition, status, achievement, and self-respect
- Define self-actualization in Maslow's hierarchy.
- The need to realize one's full potential, pursue personal growth, and become the best version of oneself
- How can a manager satisfy an employee's safety needs?
- Provide job security, clear expectations, stable working conditions, and a safe workplace
- How can a manager satisfy an employee's esteem needs?
- Provide recognition, praise, opportunities for advancement, and meaningful responsibility
- What is a major criticism of Maslow's hierarchy?
- Needs do not always follow a fixed order; people may pursue higher-level needs before lower ones are fully satisfied
- What are the two factors in Herzberg's two-factor theory?
- Hygiene factors and motivators
- Define hygiene factors in Herzberg's theory.
- Job conditions that prevent dissatisfaction but do not create satisfaction, such as pay, benefits, and working conditions
- Define motivators in Herzberg's theory.
- Job factors that create satisfaction and motivation, such as achievement, recognition, and advancement
- Give three examples of hygiene factors.
- Pay, benefits, job security, working conditions, and supervision
- Give three examples of motivators.
- Achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, and the work itself
- What happens when hygiene factors are absent in a job?
- Employees become dissatisfied, but improving hygiene factors alone does not increase motivation