Cross-cutting formal logic vocabulary spanning validity, soundness, and consistency.
36 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- Valid argument
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An argument whose conclusion must be true whenever all premises are true- Argument form
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The abstract structure of an argument that can be shared by different arguments with different content- Sound argument
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A deductively valid argument with all true premises- Inconsistent
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Cannot all be true at the same time- Consistent
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Can all be true at the same time- Contradiction
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A statement that is necessarily false, or two statements that cannot both be true- Tautology
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A statement that is necessarily true under all interpretations- Contingent
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True in some interpretations and false in others, neither tautologous nor contradictory- Premise
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A statement given as evidence or a reason in an argument- Conclusion
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The statement that an argument is intended to prove- Deductive argument
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An argument where the premises are intended to guarantee the conclusion- Inductive argument
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An argument where the premises provide evidence that makes the conclusion probable but not certain- Modus ponens
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Valid inference form: if P then Q; P; therefore Q- Modus tollens
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Valid inference form: if P then Q; not Q; therefore not P- Affirming the consequent
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Invalid argument form: if P then Q; Q; therefore P
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