Speech types and preparation approaches for impromptu and extemporaneous speaking situations.
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- What is impromptu speaking?
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Speaking with little to no preparation time, typically on the spot when called upon- What is extemporaneous speaking?
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Speaking from notes or an outline with preparation time, but without memorizing the entire speech- How much preparation time is typical for extemporaneous speaking?
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Hours or days to research and organize notes, but not time to memorize- What is the PREP method for organizing impromptu thoughts?
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Position (state your stance), Reason (explain why), Example (give an example), Position (restate your stance)- What should you do in the first few seconds of an impromptu speech?
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Pause, breathe, think briefly about your main point, then begin with a clear opening statement- What format should extemporaneous notes take?
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Brief key points, phrases, or single words, never full sentences or paragraphs- What are filler words and why should you avoid them?
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Sounds like um, uh, and like that speakers use when thinking; they distract and weaken credibility- How should you pace your speech during impromptu speaking?
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Speak slightly slower than normal conversation to give yourself time to think and help the audience listen- What is thinking on your feet?
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The ability to organize and express thoughts quickly and clearly without advance preparation- How should you recover if you lose your place or make a mistake in extemporaneous speaking?
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Pause briefly, take a breath, continue from your notes, and do not apologize or draw attention to the error- What does KISS mean as a speaking principle?
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Keep It Simple, Stupid; focus on one or two main ideas rather than trying to cover too much- How should you practice extemporaneous speaking?
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Prepare an outline on a topic, set a time limit, deliver without a script, and repeat with different topics- What is vocal variety?
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Changes in pitch, volume, and pace to keep the audience engaged and emphasize important points- When should you use your extemporaneous notes?
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Glance at them briefly between thoughts, never read from them; use them to confirm key points- What is a memory aid in the context of extemporaneous speaking?
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An acronym or visual reminder (like underlined words) in notes that triggers recall of a longer point
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