HIV testing, antiretroviral classes, CD4 thresholds for prophylaxis, opportunistic infection organisms, PrEP and PEP.
39 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What blood test is recommended as the initial screening test for HIV infection?
Show answer
A 4th generation antigen/antibody combination immunoassay- Which specific HIV antigen does the 4th generation screening test detect in addition to antibodies?
Show answer
p24 antigen- About how long is the window period for a 4th generation HIV antigen/antibody test?
Show answer
About 2 to 4 weeks after exposure- Which older HIV confirmatory test has largely been replaced in current testing algorithms?
Show answer
Western blot- What test now serves as the HIV confirmatory test in place of Western blot?
Show answer
HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody differentiation immunoassay- Which test best detects acute HIV infection before antibodies have formed?
Show answer
HIV RNA (viral load) test- At what CD4 count should prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) begin?
Show answer
CD4 count less than 200 cells/mcL- What is the first-line drug for PCP prophylaxis?
Show answer
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)- At what CD4 count should prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) begin?
Show answer
CD4 count less than 50 cells/mcL- What drug is used for MAC prophylaxis in advanced HIV?
Show answer
Azithromycin, given weekly- At what CD4 count should toxoplasmosis prophylaxis be considered in a Toxoplasma IgG-positive patient?
Show answer
CD4 count less than 100 cells/mcL- What is an alternative PCP prophylaxis option for a patient with a sulfa allergy?
Show answer
Dapsone, atovaquone, or aerosolized pentamidine- Which organism causes Pneumocystis pneumonia in AIDS patients?
Show answer
Pneumocystis jirovecii, a fungus- Which organism causes toxoplasma encephalitis in AIDS patients?
Show answer
Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite- Which virus causes retinitis in patients with advanced AIDS?
Show answer
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
FlashKeepers