Fasteners, gears, bearings, shafts, fatigue, material properties, phase diagrams and heat treatment.
40 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- Bolt preload definition
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Initial tension applied to a bolt before external loading to improve joint stiffness and reduce separation.- Pitch vs. lead in screw threads
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Pitch is the distance between adjacent thread crests; lead is the axial distance traveled in one complete revolution.- What is thread stress area?
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The effective cross-sectional area used to calculate tensile stress in a bolt, smaller than the minor diameter.- How does a bolt fail in tension?
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When tensile stress exceeds the material's tensile strength, causing fracture.- Four basic gear types
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Spur, helical, bevel, and worm gears.- Hertz stress in gears definition
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Contact stress (compressive) that develops between gear tooth flanks in rolling contact.- Gear module definition
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The ratio of pitch diameter to number of teeth; measures gear tooth size in the metric system.- What causes tooth bending failure in gears?
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Bending stress at the tooth root exceeds the material's bending strength, causing crack initiation and tooth fracture.- Backlash in gears definition
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Intentional clearance between meshing gear teeth to allow for thermal expansion and prevent binding.- Gear ratio (velocity ratio) definition
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The ratio of input speed to output speed, or the inverse ratio of the number of teeth.- Contact stress in gears depends on
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Material properties, gear geometry, transmitted load, and radius of curvature of tooth flanks.- Four main bearing types
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Rolling element bearings (ball and roller), sleeve (journal) bearings, thrust bearings, and magnetic bearings.- Dynamic load rating (C) in bearings
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The constant radial load at which a bearing has an L10 life of one million revolutions.- L10 bearing life definition
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The number of revolutions at which 90 percent of bearings in a group will not have failed.- Benefits of bearing preload
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Increased rigidity, reduced clearance, improved accuracy, and better guidance of the shaft.
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