Facial treatment steps, extraction technique, and common professional skin care treatments tested on state esthetics board exams.
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- What is the primary purpose of a facial treatment?
- To cleanse, exfoliate, and nourish the skin while improving its appearance and health
- List the five basic steps of a standard facial in order.
- Cleanse, exfoliate, extract, apply treatment products, moisturize and protect
- What is the proper temperature for warm steam used during a facial?
- Between 100 and 130 degrees Fahrenheit
- How long should a facial steamer warm the skin before extraction?
- 5 to 10 minutes
- What is the correct hand position for manual extraction?
- Use two cotton pads, gauze, or fingers with tissue, and apply gentle pressure on either side of the comedone
- When should extractions be avoided on a client?
- When the client has active acne, cystic acne, rosacea, sensitive skin, or open lesions
- What is an exfoliant's main function in a facial?
- To remove dead skin cells and debris from the skin surface
- Name two types of exfoliants used in professional facials.
- Mechanical (scrubs, beads, microdermabrasion) and chemical (enzymes, acids)
- What is the purpose of a facial massage during a treatment?
- To stimulate circulation, promote lymph drainage, relax muscles, and aid product absorption
- In what direction should facial massage strokes move?
- Upward and outward, following the natural contours of the face and the direction of muscle fibers
- What is a chemical peel?
- The application of a chemical solution to the skin to remove damaged outer layers and promote skin renewal
- Name three common acids used in professional chemical peels.
- Glycolic acid, salicylic acid, and lactic acid
- What is microdermabrasion?
- A mechanical exfoliation treatment using tiny crystals or a diamond-tipped wand to remove the outer layer of dead skin
- What are contraindications for a chemical peel?
- Pregnancy, active acne, open wounds, sunburn, eczema, psoriasis, or recent sun exposure
- What is the normal pH range of the skin?
- 4.5 to 5.5, slightly acidic