Research questions, gap, methodology (qualitative, quantitative, mixed), sampling, and validity concepts for the AP Research course.
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- What is a research question?
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A focused inquiry about a topic that a researcher seeks to answer through investigation.- What is an exploratory research question?
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A question that seeks to understand or describe a phenomenon that has not been well-studied.- What is an explanatory research question?
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A question that seeks to understand why or how something happens, focusing on causes or mechanisms.- What is an evaluative research question?
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A question that seeks to assess the effectiveness, worth, or impact of a program, policy, or intervention.- How does a research question differ from a hypothesis?
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A research question is an open-ended inquiry; a hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between variables.- What is a research gap?
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An area of missing or insufficient knowledge about a topic that research could address.- How is a research gap typically identified?
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By reviewing existing literature to find questions that have not been thoroughly answered or areas lacking sufficient evidence.- Why is identifying a research gap important?
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It ensures the research is needed, will contribute new knowledge to the field, and is not simply repeating existing work.- What is the difference between a research gap and a problem statement?
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A gap is the lack of knowledge; a problem statement describes a real-world issue that motivates the research.- What is research design?
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The plan or structure for how a study will be conducted, including methods, data collection, and data analysis.- What is qualitative research?
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Research that collects and analyzes non-numerical data, such as words, images, or observations, to understand phenomena.- What is a semi-structured interview?
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An interview with planned open-ended questions that allow flexibility for follow-up probes based on participant responses.- What is a focus group?
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A data collection method in which a small group of participants discusses a topic guided by a moderator or researcher.- What is a case study?
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An in-depth investigation of a single case, group, organization, or event to understand its unique characteristics.- What is ethnography?
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A qualitative research method involving immersion in a cultural setting to observe and understand the group's behaviors and beliefs.
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