Core Welsh grammar patterns, the bod (to be) forms, consonant mutations, and verb structure. Front: the Welsh word or phrase. Back: English meaning.
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- Rwyf i
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I am- Rwyt ti
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You are (informal)- Mae e
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He is- Mae hi
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She is- Rydyn ni
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We are- Rydych chi
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You are (formal or plural)- Maen nhw
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They are- Treiglad meddal
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Soft mutation, a consonant change at the start of a word triggered by certain words- Treiglad trwynol
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Nasal mutation, a consonant change to a nasal sound triggered by certain words- Treiglad llaes
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Aspirate mutation, a consonant change triggered by certain words- Y fannod
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The definite article (y, yr, or 'r)- Berfenw
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Verbnoun, the dictionary or infinitive form of a Welsh verb- Amser presennol
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Present tense- Amser gorffennol
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Past tense- Amser dyfodol
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Future tense
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